Vibration damper for explosion motors



Aug. 29, 1933 T. .1. LITLE, JR

VIBRATION DAMPENER FOR EXPLOSIONMOTORS Filed July 19, 1928 Y 1 JNVENTOR. T/mmasJLitle Jr.

A TTORNE Y5 pan Patented Au 29,1933

more!) STATES PATENT OFFICE VIBRATION DAMPER F03 EXPLOSION MOTORS Michigan Aoolication lulv 19, 192%., SemE'ol No, 293,856;

16 Claims.

In the operation of internal combustion engines of the multi-cylinder type, more especially in the use of such engines in motor vehicles, it has been fouml that, where the crank shell is equipped only with the usual rigidly-attached fly wheel, there are several critical speeds of crash shaft rotation 2lt' WhiCi1 undesirable angular vibrations of the crank shaft are set up. l

The object of my present invention is to produce an inexpensive, readily applied, damper which may be attached to the crank shaft and of such character as to be effective to prevent the setting up of undesirable angular vibrations in the cranl: shaft practically throughout the entire normal range of speeds of the shaft, the device being of such character as to be automatically efiective at all critical speeds and such as not to require adjustments from time to time, and such as to automatically sell? restoring to initial and noranal position,

The accompanying drawing illustrates my iii= vention.

l is a diagrammatic illustretion of an em== sediment of my invention;

2 an oxiol section, substantially about full of a form of my damper which has been found to be satisfactory in actual practice;

3 s perspective oi one oi the rubber 4 a perspective of a modified form of one oi the rubber umts.

in the tin-swine 1o indicates a crank shaft oi ordinary form having a plurality of cranks ll escli ca a pitscan 12 which is associated with o 11 13 and cylinder 14;. gicllv secured to this crash shsit, most coo lllltiy at its rear end, is the usual fly wheel is, the inertia value oi which will, as usual, he sle pendent moon the size of the engine, the character o ice-f1, nercber'oi cylinders and other conditions "veil to engine designers.

damper comprises a comparatively light vibration element 26 which, as compared with the crank shaft, may be considered as an oscillating, and perhaps laterally vibrating, disk or cilaphragm which is statically and dynamically balanced on the axis of the shaft. This element 28) is most conveniently in the form of a metal olish which in practice I have found may be conveniently made of sheet metal in the neighborhoodv of A" thick depending upon the size of the engine. I am not prepared to say just how heavy or just how light this disk must be as compared with the engine and usual fly wheel with which it is to be associated but I have found that if the element is vowel too hesvy it is not as effective end if it is too light it is not as effective. In proctice I hove found that an engine whose crank shozft weighs obout co lbs. requires a damper clish weighing about 1 lb.

The dish so is rotatobly associated with cranis shaft 10 by means of rubloes sleeves 0i spools S by" moons of which the disk is permitted as desired freedom of angular anol axial movement relative to the crank this movement being oi com parotiveiv smell range and quickly responsive to forces tending to produce movement of either the dish or the crank shalt oiie' relative to the other. The rubber should be actively resilient anol initlei= i yielclable to smell forces.-

ln the form shown in the drawing I utilise the ian-belt-pulley so, which is ot so to the forward end of the creel; shaft, so a support or base for my improved clamp-er oncl, therefore, provide this pulley with a circular: series of pins 2'? also cool parallel with the axis of the crock The spools S are formed by pairs of short bosses so lioving flanges 31 at one end. Most con venlently series of bosses so cool fi snges Zil integral as shown is 3, the bosses having slipping lit in perforations or cavities 32 iii so and over 2'? end having an axial extent approximately heli the tliiclmess oi? the clisc so, the 3i engaging the opposite laces of the (lists is; or the bosses may he oi. the form shown in i each with its own fiencre 3i.

lhese spools S may be formed in other wove ii? clesirecl. lensitively vielclmg and secoveiilog me tei'iel other than rubber mo be used but X l2e= lieve coco vubber to be the best.

lhe hub 3% cl gcuilev 2.3 on which the clish ele-v ment so is iouivisled is given a l ii th slightly less normal asiallensth oi spools e 'irts ore clamp-eel in place by means of a ole; sins iii provided with a circular eesles perforations 41 to receive the cools of pins 2i and a radial dimension siifficient to oveilie the outer cools oi the spools S and to engage the one oi. S. This clamping ring so, in the form shot-m in the drawing, is firmly ciemoecl upon the cool oi hub 35 by means of the not so which 1 serves to also hold the lam pulley 26 in placeomi to compress the spools E suflicientlv to cause the bosses so to iill the ennulsr spaces between the perforations 32 of disk so and pins 27 cool to partially restrain the rubber in such manner that there is obtained a desired resistance to angular and axial movement of the iiisl: relative to the shaft. I am not able to state just how much confinement should. be given to the rubber iii) except to say that the rubber must not be absolutely confined because then no relative move ment could be obtained because rubber when completely confined is substantially incompressible, but a very little experiment will determine the most efficient length of hub 35, the principal desirable feature being that the means for associating the rubber elements with the disk and the carrier for the disk shall be definitely proportioned parts which may be firmly brought to the parts is but I do know that if the parts are properly proportioned (and my previous statement of relative weights is indicative of what those proportions should probably be), there is no critical speed in the operatiorrcf the engine.

I am inclined to believe that the distinguishing characteristics of my device is that the period of vibration of the resilient mounting for the disk or diaphragm is very high and the amplitude is very slight and is very sensitive to small applied forces.

My experiments have also indicated that the period of vibration of the damper disk must'be small, that is to say, the disk must be comparatively light so that the reaction of the disk is immediately responsive to any tendency of other portions of the apparatus to produce undesirable angular vibrations in the crank shaft, thus preventing the production of undesirable angular vibrations of the shaft or at least damping such vibrations before they reach an amplitude which isnoticeable. It should be remembered, in this connection, that where the shaft comprises an axial series of cranks, there is a tendency to set up a whipping of the shaft and I am inclined to believe that the ability of the disk or diaphragm 20 to vibrate axially of the shaft is an important contribution to the ultimate damping effect which it has in practice.

I claim as my invention:

1. A vibration damper for a crank shaft comprising a support rigidly attached to the shaft and having a hub, a comparatively light disk of uniform section centrally pierced to receive said hub and of less thickness than the hub length, and having a circular series of perforations, a circular series of pins carried by said support and projected through said perforations, rubber elements mounted in said perforations and around the pins, a clamping ring adapted to engage the hub end, and rubber cushions integral with said sleeves interposed between the disk and the support and clamping ring respectively.

2. A structure of the character defined by claim 1 wherein the rubber elements are formed by pairs of bosses having an integral flange at one end.

3. A structure of the character defined by claim 1 wherein the rubber elements are two rubber rings each carrying on one face a circular series of perforated bosses.

4. A vibration damper for engine crank shafts comprising a support formed for non-rotative mounting on such shaft and having a hub at one end, a comparatively light damped disk of uniform section thinner than the length of said hub centrally pierced to receive said hub and having a circular series of perforations, a. circular series of pins carried by the support and arranged to lie in the perforations of the disk, rubber elements in each of said perforations around the associated pin and having an axial length greater than the thickness of the disk, and a clamping ring contacting with the hub and engaging the exposed ends of the rubber elements to hold them in position.

5. A vibration damper of the character defined by claim 4 wherein the rubber elements comprise portions clamped between the support and one face of the disk and between the clamping ring and the opposite face of the disk.

6. A vibration damper for engine shafts comprising a hub member secured to the shaft, a thin disk iournaled on said hub member and having a circular series of perforations, a rubber damping member having integral bosses disposed in said perforations, and means to clamp said dampand hub, and means carried by said shaft to simultaneously compress said bosses an e'qual amount.

8. A Vibration damper for engine shafts comprising a hub member secured to the shaft, an inertia member comprising a thin light disk journaled on said hub member for oscillation at high frequency, a damper member including rubber bosses resiliently connecting the disk to the hub member in driving relation, and means carried by the shaft to simultaneously compress said bosses.

9. A vibration damper for engine shafts comprising a hub member secured to the shaft, an inertia member comprising a thin light disk journaled on said hub member for oscillation at high frequency having a circular series of perforations, a clamping ring axially adjustable on said shaft and having axial holes in alignment with said perforations, rubber damping means including rubber bosses disposed in said perforations and flanges connecting said bosses disposed between the disk and the hub member and clamping ring respectively, and pins carried by said hub member passing through the bosses in said perforations and the holes in said clamping ring.

10. A vibration damper for shafts comprising a supporting member rigidly secured to the shaft,

an inertia member comprising a thin disk of uni lation about the shaft axis at high irequency, one of said members having a circular series of cavities, and damping means including rubber bosses seated in said cavities and connected to said supporting member, said bosses having flanged portions extending between said supporting member and said inertia member.

- 12. A vibration damper for shafts comprising a hub member secured to the shaft, 9. thin light disk iournaled on said hub member, a damper member including rubber bosses resiliently connecting the disk to the hub member in driving relation, and means to simultaneously compress said bosses.

13. A vibration damper for shafts comprising a support rigi y secured to the shaft, a thin disk of uniform section mounted on said support for oscillation about the shaft axis at high frequency, one of said elements having a circular series of cavities and damping means comprising a rubber flange having'a circular series of rubber adapted to seat in-said cavities, said damping means being clamped between the support and said disk.

14. A vibration damper for shafts comprising a support rigidly secured to the shaft, a thin disk of uniform section mounted on said support for oscillation about the shaft axis, merits having a circular series of cavities, and

said cavities and extending between said support and inertia member, connected to said support.

15. A device for resiliently connecting coaxially disposed rotatable members comprising, a rubber member including'a flange having integral rubber bosses thereon, each boss having an axially disposed opening, means on one of said members to engagesaidandmeans ontheothermemher to engage in said openings. a

18. A device for resiliently connecting coaxially disposed rotatable members comprising, a rubber member including a flange having integral rubber bosses thereon, each boss having an axially disposed opening, said and the opening therein being'op'eratively connected to said members.

THOMAS J. HTLE, JR.

one of said eledamping means including rubber bosses seated in 

